Links: Develop

General

A collaboratively edited question and answer site for professional and enthusiast programmers.

Association for Computing Machinery, The Digital Library, The Guide to Computing Literature.

The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7

IEEE Std 1003.1-2008

POSIX.1-2008 is simultaneously IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 and The Open Group Technical Standard Base Specifications, Issue 7.

POSIX.1-2008 defines a standard operating system interface and environment, including a command interpreter (or shell), and common utility programs to support applications portability at the source code level. POSIX.1-2008 is intended to be used by both application developers and system implementors.

Regular Expressions

The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7; IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, POSIX.1-2008. Also known as POSIX regular expressions.

UTS #18: Unicode Regular Expressions

Regular-Expressions.info - Regex Tutorial, Examples and Reference - Regexp Patterns

The Regex Coach - interactive regular expressions

The Regex Coach is a graphical application for Windows that can be used to experiment with (Perl-compatible) regular expressions interactively. Unfortunately only an older version is available for Linux and FreeBSD and isn't maintained anymore.

Regular Expression Library

Over 1500 regular expressions to give you nightmares. A bit .NET centric though..

Implementing Regular Expressions

The UNIX System

The Single UNIX Specification, Version 3

Free Standards Group

The Free Standards Group is an independent, nonprofit organization dedicated to accelerating the use of free and open source software by developing and promoting standards.

Developer Declaration of Independence

Sign it!

Overview of the SCIT

WIPO Standing Committee on Information Technologies

Free Programming Resources

CoRR - Computing Research Repository

CoRR allows researchers to search, browse and download papers through its online repository. CoRR is available to all members of of the community at no charge.

Documentation Archive

Knowledge is of two kinds. We know a subject ourselves, or we know where we can find information upon it.

Einführung in die strukturierte Programmierung

courses.iicm.edu -- Vorlesungsunterstützung für Lehrveranstaltungen des IICM

UML

The Unified Modeling Language™ - UML - is OMG's [Object Management Group] most-used specification, and the way the world models not only application structure, behavior, and architecture, but also business process and data structure.

Holub Associates: UML Reference Card

Practical UML(TM): A Hands-On Introduction for Developers

UML Tutorial

Little Unix Programmers Group (LUPG)'s Little Site

Multi-Threaded Programming With POSIX Threads

Unix Multi-Process Programming and Inter-Process Communications (IPC)

Code Corner

By Steve Litt at Troubleshooters.Com. Tutorials and links about XML, Perl, PHP, sockets, Python, shell scripts, SQL, prime numbers, PostgreSQL.

Koders - Source Code Search Engine

Der Keiler Coding

Archive of newsgroups related to programming languages.

efg's Computer Lab and Reference Library

The Computer Lab contains Lab Reports and Technical Notes on topics including, image processing, color science, computer graphics, mathematics, fractals & chaos, science & engineering.
The Reference Library contains two major sections, Delphi and Technical, each of which is a compendium of information from a wide variety of Internet resources. The Algorithms, Color, and Image Processing Reference Library pages are the most popular.

mic.ro-cosm informatik

Softwaretechnik an der FH Hamburg.

Learn to code | Codecademy

JavaScript learning by doing

GameDev.net - Articles and Resources

About - Computing/Technology

Fachbegriffe der Informatik ;-)

UI Design

OpenUsability: ... brings Open Source Developers and Usability Experts together.
Isys Information Architects Inc. (UI design shame and fame)
Jef Raskin, The Humane Interface
[ Hemmerling ] GUI / API / Framework
fluidIA: fluidIA is an emerging agile design tool for prototyping rich user interfaces.

Media

FreeTechBooks.com - Free computer science and programming books: This site lists free online computer science books and lecture notes, all of which are freely and legally available over the Internet.
mic.ro-cosm ebooks: Free Computer Science Ebooks and Resources - A Link Collection
oreilly.com -- O'Reilly Media, Inc. -- computer books, software conferences, online publishing
oreilly.de -- O'Reilly Verlag
O'Reilly -- Safari Books Online
O'Reilly OpenBooks - Deutsch & English
CMP's Software Development Media Group
DDJ - Dr. Dobb's Journal
ftp.ddj.com / directory

Methodology

AgileAlliance
Scrum Development Process
Jutta Eckstein: Agile Software Developemt in the Large
Extreme Rules
Extreme Programming: A Gentle Introduction.
Practice of Programming - Collected Rules: by B.W. Kernighan and R. Pike
Publications and Presentations: Some of Kevlin Henney's articles, and conference presentations and papers.

Mathematical, Numerical and Statistical

Scientific Computing FAQ: Scientific Computing and Numerical Analysis FAQ
Mathematica Information Center: Wolfram Resource Library, MathWorld, ScienceWorld, ...
Mathtools.net: The technical computing portal for all your scientific and engineering needs.
The Netlib: Netlib is a collection of mathematical software, papers, and databases.
cephes
Astronomy and numerical software source codes: Stephen L. Moshier's site, also home of the Cephes library
GSL - GNU Scientific Library - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF): The GNU Scientific Library (GSL) is a numerical library for C and C++ programmers. It is free software under the GNU General Public License.
The library provides a wide range of mathematical routines such as random number generators, special functions and least-squares fitting. There are over 1000 functions in total with an extensive test suite.
[ GTL ] The Graph Template Library: GTL, the Graph Template Library GTL can be seen as an extension of the Standard Template Library STL to graphs and fundamental graph algorithms.
Numerical Recipes Home Page
Numerical Methods Lecture Notes
Free C/C++ Sources for Numerical Computation
Free Numerical, Mathematical and Statistical Libraries and Source Code (thefreecountry.com)
C++ Financial Algorithms (Financial Numerical Recipes)
The Statistics Homepage: This Electronic Statistics Textbook offers training in the understanding and application of statistics.
StatLib---Applied Statistics algorithms
The R Project for Statistical Computing
Statistical Science Web: Statistical Computing
Statistical Reference Datasets (StRD): The purpose of this project is to improve the accuracy of statistical software by providing reference datasets with certified computational results that enable the objective evaluation of statistical software.
Semantic Computing Research Group (SeCo) - Eero Hyvönen: Some papers of Eero Hyvönen on interval computations.
Resources for Improving Accuracy in Statistical Software
Ixion - Gitorious: Ixion is a general purpose formula parser & interpreter that can calculate multiple named targets, or “cells”.

Max-Planck-Institut für Informatik

AT&T Labs Research

Scientific Computing with Free software on GNU/Linux HOWTO

Computer Arithmetic and IEEE 754

Numerical Computation Guide: 2005, Sun Microsystems Studio 11, 819-3693-10, HTML.
Numerical Computation Guide: 2005, Sun Microsystems Studio 11, 819-3693-10, PDF.
Better readibility of mathematical formulas.
What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic: Appendix D of the Numerical Computation Guide.
The IEEE standard for floating point arithmetic (ShortRef)
The IEEE Floating Point Format (ShortRef)
IEEE-754 References
IEEE 754: Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic
IEEE 754-1985 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
IEEE Standard 754 Floating-Point
CodeGuru Forums - C++ General: How is floating point representated?: FAQ about some IEEE 754 aspects.
double - and how to use it - C++ Forum: This article shows some properties of "double" atithmetic, and what you can and can't do with it.
Comparing floating point numbers (Bruce Dawson)
Floating Point Representation (.ps PostScript file): by Michael L. Overton
XL: Floating-Point Arithmetic May Give Inaccurate Results
General Decimal Arithmetic: The problems of binary floating-point can be avoided by using base 10 (decimal) exponents and preserving those exponents where possible. This site describes a decimal arithmetic which achieves the necessary results and is suitable for both hardware and software implementation.
William Kahan

Tools

Git

Git - Fast Version Control System: Git is a free & open source, distributed version control system designed to handle everything from small to very large projects with speed and efficiency.
gittutorial(7)
Git Reference
Git Magic - Preface
git ready » learn git one commit at a time
Git Community Book
Git - Texas Instruments Embedded Processors Wiki: Short instructions to get Git running, even behind a firewall.
Git User’s Manual (for version 1.5.3 or newer)
Stacked Git: StGit is a Python application providing similar functionality to Quilt (i.e. pushing/popping patches to/from a stack) on top of Git. These operations are performed using Git commands and the patches are stored as Git commit objects, allowing easy merging of the StGit patches into other repositories using standard Git functionality.
StGit tutorial
Git - StGit Crash Course
Interfaces, frontends, and tools - Git SCM Wiki
Main Page - Git SCM Wiki: All about Git.
Pro Git - Pro Git Book: The website for the Pro Git book, written by Scott Chacon and published by Apress. Here you can find the full content of the book, a blog with tips and updates about Git and the book and open source projects related to Git or referenced in the book.
GitCasts
Git Tutorial: Branching and Merging | Wazi
the woes of “git gc –aggressive” (and how git deltas work) « Metalinguistic Abstraction
AlBlue’s Blog: git: Git Tips of the Week.
AlBlue’s Blog: gerrit: Nice video in Gerrit Git Review with Jenkins CI Server
git-annex: git-annex allows managing files with git, without checking the file contents into git.
Git vs Mercurial - WikiVS
Git - SVN Crash Course: Git for SVN users.
freedesktop.org - Software/ooo-build/SVNToGitCheatSheet: Command cheat sheet for SVN and Git
GitSvnCrashCourse - Git SCM Wiki: Git crash course for SVN users.
Migrate from SVN to Git easily with git-svn | Wazi
An introduction to git-svn for Subversion/SVK users and deserters
Converting to git-svn: A collection of links — justin hileman dot info
Develop with Git on a Google Code Project - Google Open Source Blog: Actually work with Git on a SVN project, such as AOOo
Export a Git Project to Google Code - Google Open Source Blog: Actually work with Git on a SVN project, such as AOOo
Minimal Readership: svn switch --relocate for a git-svn repo: If your SVN master was relocated, git-svn will have a hard time; this script could ease the pain.
HgGit - Mercurial: This extension adds the ability to work on a Git repository from Mercurial. It also allows using a Git server as a collaboration point for a team with developers using both Git and Mercurial. At the same time, it can also be used to interact with a hg repository using git.
version control - Git interoperability with a Mercurial Repository - Stack Overflow
traviscline.com » Using hg-git to work in git and push to hg
Git pretty — justin hileman dot info: How to handle a mess.
GitHub · Build software better, together.
Prose · A Content Editor for GitHub
Bintray: Bintray is a social service for developers to publish, download, store, promote, and share open source software packages.
As the name suggests it is meant for binary releases.

Mercurial, hg

Mercurial - Mercurial: A fast, lightweight Source Control Management system designed for efficient handling of very large distributed projects.
Hg Init: a Mercurial tutorial by Joel Spolsky: Mercurial in 6 steps, including re-education of Subversion users.
Mercurial: The Definitive Guide: This is the online home of the book Mercurial: The Definitive Guide.
GitConcepts - Mercurial: Command cheat sheet for Mercurial and Git

Subversion, SVN

subversion.tigris.org (SVN)
Version Control with Subversion: The online home of Version Control with Subversion, a free book about Subversion (SVN), published by O'Reilly.

CVS

Version Management with CVS - manual: Version Management with CVS by Per Cederqvist et al is the "official" manual for CVS. Commonly known as "the Cederqvist," the manual covers repositories, branches, and file maintenance, and includes reference material for both CVS users and CVS repository administrators.
A CVS Book: Open Source Development with CVS, 3rd Edition. Available under the GNU General Public License.
CVSup: The CVS-Optimized General-Purpose Network File Distribution System. CVSup is a software package for distributing and updating collections of files across a network.

Vi IMproved, VIM and related

The VIM (Vi IMproved) Home Page

Vimdoc : the online source for Vim documentation

Vim documentation - Vim Tips Wiki

Moolenaar.net - Vim

Main Page - Vim Tips Wiki

Graphical vi-vim Cheat Sheet and Tutorial

Vim Recipes - Free cookbook for the Vim text editor

Why, oh WHY, do those #?@! nutheads use vi?

Vi-IMproved

Home of the freenode #VIM channel, some pointers.

Cream: The easy-to-use free text editor for Windows and Linux

For Vim newbies. Cream is a free and easy-to-use configuration of the powerful and famous Vim text editor for both Microsoft Windows and GNU/Linux.

Vim - Notes

"A Byte of Vim" is a book which aims to help you to learn how to use the Vim editor (version 7), even if all you know is how to use the computer keyboard.

Efficient Editing With vim - Jonathan McPherson

Vim Cookbook

This is the Vim cookbook page. It contains short recipes for doing many simple and not so simple things in Vim. You should already know the basics of Vim, however each command is explained in detail.

Dr Chip's Vim Page

Charles E. Campbell's universe of vim and vimscripts.

Vim Regular Expressions 101

Best of VIM Tips, VIM's Key Features

Sven Guckes' vimrc.forall

Using undo branches - Vim Tips Wiki

OmniCppComplete - C++ completion omnifunc with a ctags database : vim online

For Vim >=7.0

matchit.zip - extended % matching for HTML, LaTeX, and many other languages : vim online

Also in the Vim distribution package (macros/matchit.vim), but this one may be newer.

Align.vim - Provides commands and maps to help produce aligned text, eqns, declarations, etc : vim online

Requires the cecutil.vim plugin.

AutoAlign - Automatically align as you type (autoalign): bib c c++ html maple matlab tex vim : vim online

Requires the Align.vim plugin.

netrw.vim - Network oriented reading, writing, and browsing (keywords: netrw ftp scp) : vim online

taglist.vim - Source code browser (supports C/C++, java, perl, python, tcl, sql, php, etc) : vim online

tagexplorer.vim - Tag explorer for various programming language files : vim online

lid.vim - Plugin to integrate GNU id-utils tool with Vim : vim online

cecscope - command and menu driven cscope interface : vim online

vcscommand.vim - CVS/SVN/SVK/git/hg/bzr integration plugin : vim online

fugitive.vim - A Git wrapper so awesome, it should be illegal : vim online

CVSconflict - CVS conflict resolution using vimdiff : vim online

undo_tags - small utility that lets you tag undo branches : vim online

DrawIt.tar.gz - Use arrow keys to draw lines, ctrl-v for boxes and ellipses : vim online

TVO: The Vim Outliner - Turn vim into a full-featured text outliner : vim online

snipMate - TextMate-style snippets for Vim : vim online

mru.vim - Plugin to manage Most Recently Used (MRU) files : vim online

speeddating.vim - Use CTRL-A/X to increment dates, times, and more : vim online

greputils - Interface with grep, find and id-utils (not just another grep wrapper) : vim online

This is mostly interesting for the IDGrep command, since as of version 7.0 Vim has an internal grep command. However, lid.vim does overrule this.
Requires the following plugins to be installed:

genutils.vim - General utility functions : vim online
multvals.vim - Array library that uses patterns as separators : vim online

grep.vim - Grep/Fgrep/Egrep/Agrep tools integration with Vim : vim online

A simple wrapper in case you don't want the sophisticated greputils solution above. Not needed with Vim >= 7.0

GetLatestVimScripts.vim - Automates retrieval of latest scripts you use : vim online

Integrated in Vim 7.0 as plugin/getscript.vim

Working with Unicode - Vim Tips Wiki

characterize.vim - Unicode character metadata : vim online

set_utf8.vim - Switching to Unicode in an orderly manner : vim online

visual_studio.vim - Vim and Microsoft Visual Studio .NET integration : vim online

Integrate gvim with Visual Studio - Vim Tips Wiki

Vim Scripts

Mirror of all scripts, using Git

Generate all Unicode characters - Vim Tips Wiki

The perfect programming font - Vim Tips Wiki - a Wikia wiki

Identify the syntax highlighting group used at the cursor - Vim Tips Wiki

Integrate with Mozilla Thunderbird - Vim Tips Wiki

Welcome to Eclim - eclim (eclipse + vim)

How to sort using visual blocks - Vim Tips Wiki

VimOutliner.org :: Work fast. Think well.

Exuberant Ctags

Par - paragraph reformatter

Vim as XML Editor

vimcolorschemetest

The Vi IMproved Editor Web Ring

A-A-P project: install and develop software

Agide: A-A-P GUI IDE for vim and gdb

the Zimbu programming language

Emacs

GNU Emacs - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)
XEmacs: The next generation of Emacs
Jeremy's Emacs Stuff
Mastering Emacs

Tools misc

pastebin - collaborative debugging tool: Paste sample code and/or compiler errors and use URL to refer to in IRC.
Imagebin - A place to slap up your images.: pastebin for images
compilers.net
thefreecountry.com: Free Programmers' Resources, Free Webmasters' Resources, Free Security Resources
GCC Home Page - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF): GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection, includes front ends for C, C++, Objective-C, Fortran, Java, and Ada, as well as libraries for these languages (libstdc++, libgcj,...).
Option Summary - Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
GDB Documentation: GDB: The GNU Project Debugger
RMS's gdb Tutorial
DDD - Data Display Debugger - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF): GNU DDD is a graphical front-end for command-line debuggers such as GDB, DBX, WDB, Ladebug, JDB, XDB, the Perl debugger, the bash debugger, or the Python debugger. Besides ``usual'' front-end features such as viewing source texts, DDD has become famous through its interactive graphical data display, where data structures are displayed as graphs.
Insight: Insight is a graphical user interface to GDB, the GNU Debugger written in Tcl/Tk by people working at Red Hat, Inc. and Cygnus Solutions.
Concurrent Computer Corporation NightStarLX: Advanced Development And Analysis Tools For Linux, Source-level Debugger, Event Analyzer, Data Monitor, System and Application Tuner.
Review Board | Take the pain out of code review: web-based code review tool
gource - software version control visualization - Google Project Hosting: Software version control visualization.
Source-Navigator(TM): Source-Navigator is a source code analysis tool. With it, you can edit your source code, display relationships between classes and functions and members, and display call trees.
Valgrind: Valgrind is an award-winning instrumentation framework for building dynamic analysis tools. There are Valgrind tools that can automatically detect many memory management and threading bugs, and profile your programs in detail. You can also use Valgrind to build new tools.
KCachegrind - KDE Profiling Frontend: Profiling Visualization.
The profiling tool Callgrind (previously called Calltree) and the profile data visualization KCachegrind. Callgrind uses runtime instrumentation via the Valgrind framework for its cache simulation and call-graph generation. This way, even shared libraries and dynamically opened plugins can be profiled. The data files generated by Callgrind can be loaded into KCachegrind for browsing the performance results.
sysprof: 'sysprof' is a sampling CPU profiler that uses a kernel module to profile the entire system (not just a single application). It handles shared libraries, and applications do not need to be recompiled. It profiles all running processes, has a GUI, shows the time spent in each branch of the call tree, and can load and save profiles.
BigAdmin: DTrace: Link collection at Oracle.
My Little UML Page: Well, not mine but that's the title ;-) List of UML tools with short descriptions.
argouml.tigris.org: ArgoUML is a modelling tool that helps you do your design using UML.
Doxygen: Doxygen is a documentation system for C++, C, Java, Objective-C, IDL (Corba and Microsoft flavors) and to some extent PHP, C#, and D.
VCG Overview - Visualization of Compiler Graphs: The VCG tool reads a textual and readable specification of a graph and visualizes the graph. If not all positions of nodes are fixed, the tool layouts the graph using several heuristics as reducing the number of crossings, minimizing the size of edges, centering of nodes.
caolanm/callcatcher - GitHub: Find unused code by collecting methods defined but not called or referenced.
See also Caolán's page
AT&T Labs Research - Software Tools
GraphViz: Graph Visualization Software
The Graphviz layout programs take descriptions of graphs in a simple text language, and make diagrams in several useful formats such as images and SVG for web pages, Postscript for inclusion in PDF or other documents; or display in an interactive graph browser. (Graphviz also supports GXL, an XML dialect.)
Graphviz-Tutorial - 4webmaster.de: Uebersichtliches GraphViz Tutorial in Deutsch.
claribole.net - ZGRViewer: ZGRViewer is a 2.5D graph visualizer implemented in Java and based upon the Zoomable Visual Transformation Machine. It is specifically aimed at displaying graphs expressed using the DOT language from AT&T GraphViz and processed by programs dot or neato. ZGRViewer is designed to handle large graphs, and offers a zoomable user interface (ZUI), which enables smooth zooming and easy navigation in the visualized structure.
CodeViz: A call graph generation utility for C/C++. This project provides the ability to generate call graphs to aid the task of understanding code. It uses a highly modular set of collection methods and can be adapted to support any language although only C and C++ are currently supported. Uses GraphViz.
Dia a drawing program: Dia is designed to be much like the commercial Windows program 'Visio'. It can be used to draw many different kinds of diagrams. It currently has special objects to help draw entity relationship diagrams, UML diagrams, flowcharts, network diagrams, and simple circuits.
Dia2Code: Dia2Code is a small utility used to generate code from a Dia UML class diagram.
GGobi data visualization system.: GGobi is an open source visualization program for exploring high-dimensional data. It provides highly dynamic and interactive graphics such as tours, as well as familiar graphics such as the scatterplot, barchart and parallel coordinates plots. Plots are interactive and linked with brushing and identification.
Gephi, an open source graph visualization and manipulation software: Gephi is an interactive visualization and exploration platform for all kinds of networks and complex systems, dynamic and hierarchical graphs.
ggcov Features: ggcov is a GTK+ GUI for exploring test coverage data produced by C and C++ programs compiled with gcc -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage. So it's basically a GUI replacement for the gcov program that comes with gcc.
TAU: Tuning and Analyis Utilities
Performance Inspector: Performance analysis tools (includes Java support)
CodeSpelunking's Tools: Short description of tools used by CodeSpelunking: cscope, global, cflow/dot, flawfinder, valgrind, gprof, ...
Cscope Home Page: Cscope is a developer's tool for browsing source code.
GNU GLOBAL source code tag system: GNU GLOBAL is a source code tag system that works the same way across diverse environments. You can locate a specified object in the source files and move there easily. It is useful for hacking a large project containing many subdirectories, many #ifdef and many main() functions. It is similar to ctags or etags but is different from them at the point of independence of any editor.
Related sites: GLOBAL related tools. Generally useful in development, also without GLOBAL.
Source-Navigator(TM): Source-Navigator is a source code analysis tool. With it, you can edit your source code, display relationships between classes and functions and members, and display call trees. You can also build your projects, either with your own makefile, or by using Source-Navigator's build system to automatically generate a makefile. Source-Navigator works with the Insight GUI interface for GDB.
Source code navigation tools: This page is a log of an investigation Greg Lehey made of source code navigation and analysis packages in June and July 2005. It will necessarily remain incomplete, but he may update it. He started the investigation because he was in the position of needing to cut a large program into two halves and insert a clean API between them. To do this he needed to get a good understanding of how the control flow works, and he was looking for tools that might help him.
Survey of source code comprehension tools: Information about and links to some tools/software that make a code maintainer's job (and a developer's job too!) easier. All software mentioned support the C programming language and may support other languages too.
Taskjuggler - The Open Source Project Management Software: TaskJuggler provides an optimizing scheduler that computes your project time lines and resource assignments based on the project outline and the constrains that you have provided. The build-in resource balancer and consistency checker offload you from having to worry about irrelevant details and ring the alarm if the project gets out of hand.
tjweb - Summary [Gna!]: tjweb is a web interface for the project management tool TaskJuggler. Its purpose is to provide an http interface to edit taskjuggler tjp files.
GnoTime - The Gnome Time Tracker: The Gnome Time Tracker is a to-do list/diary/journal tool that can track the amount of time spent on projects, and, among other things, generate reports and invoices based on that time. It's being used it to keep shopping lists, organize ideas, track bug reports, keep a diary of activities, do some blogging, provide weekly status reports to management, and even as a consultant billing system.
ANTLR Parser Generator: ANTLR - ANother Tool for Language Recognition (formerly PCCTS) is a language tool that provides a framework for constructing recognizers, compilers, and translators from grammatical descriptions containing Java, C#, C++, or Python actions.
Code::Blocks IDE - Open Source, Cross-platform Free C++ IDE
Using sed
sed_tutorial
Frequently-Asked Questions about sed, the stream editor
Gimpel Software Bug of the Month Discovered by Lint
FuzzingTools - ThreatMind
ucpp - A C preprocessor designed to be embeddable, quick, light and fully compliant to ISO Standard 9899:1999, aka ISO C99, or simply, C99. - Google Project Hosting: ucpp can be compiled as a stand-alone program, or linked to some other code; in the latter case, ucpp will output tokens, one at a time, on demand, as an integrated lexer.
Buildbot: The BuildBot is a system to automate the compile/test cycle required by most software projects to validate code changes.
include-what-you-use - A tool for use with clang to analyze #includes in C and C++ source files - Google Project Hosting: The main goal of include-what-you-use is to remove superfluous #includes. It does this both by figuring out what #includes are not actually needed for this file (for both .cc and .h files), and replacing #includes with forward-declares when possible.
thefreecountry.com: Free Programmers' Resources, Free Webmasters' Resources, Free Security Resources
Resursseja - Resources: Links to software engineering tools.

PASCAL

Real Programmers Don't Use PASCAL

C

historical section

Reading C Declarations: A Guide for the Mystified
ANSI C Summary: The ANSI Standard: A Summary for the C Programmer
The New C Standard: C99

C++

Stroustrup: C++

The C++ Programming Language, FAQ, C++ Style and Technique FAQ, C++0x - the next ISO C++ standard FAQ

Stroustrup: C++ Glossary

operator whitespace overloading

Stroustrup's serious (?) fun

Bookzilla.de - British Standards Institute: The C++ Standard: Incorporating Technical Corrigendum No. 1

The ONLY available bound version of the standard.
Für jedes verkaufte Buch erhält bookzilla.de eine Provision von 5%. Alle Provisionen gehen zu 100% als Spende an die renommierte Free Software Foundation Europe (FSF Europe).

Dick's Index to the December 1996 C++ draft standards

Syntax of C++ as per Draft ANSI/ISO Standard December 1997

OOP A: C++-Grammatik (mit Links)

C++ Standard Library Defect Report List

ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22/WG21 - C++

ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22/WG21 is the international standardization working group for the programming language C++.

ISO/ANSI C++ Committee Public Issues Lists, provided as a community service by Comeau Computing

C++ FAQ LITE

C++ FQA Lite

This is C++ FQA Lite. C++ is a general-purpose programming language, not necessarily suitable for your special purpose. FQA stands for "frequently questioned answers". This FQA is called "lite" because it questions the answers found in C++ FAQ Lite.

Incompatibilities Between ISO C and ISO C++

C++ Idioms (Presented at EuroPLoP 98)

James O. Coplien (PDF)

Traits

A useful template technique, by Nathan C. Myers

The Association of C & C++ Users

C/C++ Reference

C++ Operator Precedence [C++ Reference]

C++ Operators, with Precedence and Associativity

C++ Operator Precedence Table

The C++ Annotations

This document is intended for knowledgeable users of C (or any other language using a C-like grammar, like Perl or Java) who would like to know more about, or make the transition to, C++. (Frank B. Brokken Computing Center, University of Groningen)

The Anatomy of the Assignment Operator

The Assignment Operator Revisited

or why The Anatomy of the Assignment Operator wasn't all that correct.

cplusplus.com - The C++ resources network

Reference, documentation, tutorials.

C++ Language and Library

PlanetCpp.Com - C++ Programming

www.illkommen bei www.c-plusplus.de

Bruce Eckel's MindView, Inc: Thinking in C++ 2nd Edition by Bruce Eckel

Free Electronic Book Volume 1 & Volume 2

About C/C++

Tutorials, books, humor, and more

The C++ Source

artima developer's online journal for the C++ community.

Fachhochschule Giessen, Fachbereich MNI, Programmierung I+II, C++

C/C++ Books

Accelerated C++

Practical Programming by Example
by Andrew Koenig and Barbara E. Moo

Examware: C Tutorials and C++ Tutorials

OnlineTutorials.de | C++ | Tutorials

Einführung in die C++ Programmierung

Lern Programmieren mit C++! (Stefan Ram)

C++ In Action

Cprogramming.com: Your Resource for C++ Programming!

Programmiertechniken: WWW C++ Information

Comprehensive link list of Forschungszentrum Jülich, ZAM; mixed English and German

Guru of the Week (GotW) Archive - Main Index Page

Andrei Alexandrescu - Homepage

C++ portability guide (Mozilla)

A garbage collector for C and C++

Test Drive Comeau C/C++ Online

Sites of interest to C++ users

STL

SGI - Services & Support: Standard Template Library Programmer's Guide
The C++ Standard Template Library
STLport Home Page
Nicolai M. Josuttis: The C++ Standard Library
A modest STL tutorial
Links Regarding the C++ Standard Library
U. Breymann: Komponenten entwerfen mit der C++ STL

Libraries

Upstream Tracker for C/C++ Libraries: Online tool to track API/ABI compatibility in changes of version upgrades.
Available C++ Libraries FAQ
Boost C++ Libraries
Boost Sandbox
multidimalgorithm - Multi-dimensional data index algorithm - Google Project Hosting: mdds, Kohei Yoshida's multi-dimensional data structure, segmented trees
diet libc - a libc optimized for small size
The libdjb project
GNU Common C++
libowfat
Extending the iostream library (printf formatting)
s11n.net: object serialization/persistence in C++
MATHPROG - A Collection of Codes for Solving Various Mathematical Programming Problems
IMSSIRUS' Astronomieseite
wvWare, library for converting Word documents
libpng Home Page
libiconv - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF): This library provides an iconv() implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.
NTL: A Library for doing Number Theory
The GNU MP Bignum Library: The GNU Multiple Precision Arithmetic Library
ClanLib Game SDK
MCrypt: MCrypt is a replacement for the old crypt() package and crypt(1) command, with extensions.
The CGAL home page
Crystal Space: A Free 3D Engine
Simple Sockets Library
GGI - General Graphics Interface
RFID C library: See also RFID information
Telepathy Wiki - FrontPage: Telepathy is a flexible, modular communications framework that enables real-time communication via pluggable protocol backends. Telepathy is a communications service that can be accessed by many applications ("clients") simultaneously.
Welcome - OpenCV Wiki: OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision) is a library of programming functions for real time computer vision.

Articles & Interviews

The C++ Style Sweet Spot: A Conversation with Bjarne Stroustrup
Artima.com Interviews
Multiple Inheritance and Interfaces: A Conversation with Scott Meyers
Artima.com Interviews
Designing Contracts and Interfaces: A Conversation with Scott Meyers
Artima.com Interviews
Meaningful Programming: A Conversation with Scott Meyers
Artima.com Interviews
Const, RTTI, and Efficiency: A Conversation with Scott Meyers
Artima.com Interviews
A Collection of Examples of 64-bit Errors in Real Programs - Intel® Software Network
Knowledge Base - Intel® Software Network

Java

Java Technology: The Source for Java Developers
The Java(TM) Tutorials: The Java Tutorials are practical guides for programmers who want to use the Java programming language to create applications. They include hundreds of complete, working examples, and dozens of lessons. Groups of related lessons are organized into "trails".
O'Reilly CodeZoo

Perl

The Perl Directory - perl.org
CPAN (Comprehensive Perl Archive Network)
Online Documentation - perl.org
learn.perl.org: The site for people learning Perl.
Steve Litt's PERLs of Wisdom
PERL Tutorial - Introduction (Tizag)
Picking Up Perl, a Freely Redistributable Perl Tutorial Book
perl (selectorweb.com)
perlmeme.org: perlmeme.org is a collection of Frequently Asked Questions, "How To" documents, and tutorials about the very cool Perl programming language.
Beginning Perl Tutorials: focused on CGI scripts
PerlMonks - The Monastery Gates: PerlMonks is a community web site devoted to Perl and related issues. It is made up of several hundred contributors who over the years have created over half a million entries. In short it is a gold mine of knowledge on Perl and programming in general.
Perlmeister.com
Perl.com: The Source for Perl -- perl development, perl conferences
perl.oreilly.com -- Welcome to the O'Reilly Perl Center -- computer books, perl books, perl programming
Perl Cookbook: Chapter 8, File Contents (O'Reilly)
Perl tutorial: Start: Please note: This tutorial was written in the early 1990's for version 4 of Perl. Although it is now significantly out of date, it was a popular source of information for many people over many years. It has therefore been left on-line as part of the historical archive of the Internet. Please also note that many of the external hyperlinks no longer function.
Perl-XML Frequently Asked Questions
The Perltidy Home Page: Perltidy is a Perl script which indents and reformats Perl scripts to make them easier to read. If you write Perl scripts, or spend much time reading them, you will probably find it useful.
Production Scripting with Perl - Table of Contents

Python

Python Programming Language -- Official Website
A Quick, Painless Tutorial on the Python Language
Python Patrol Tutorial
Porting to Python 3: An in-depth guide — Porting to Python 3 - The Book Site
freiesMagazin Python-Sonderausgabe 04/2011 | freiesMagazin
Scientific Computing Tools For Python — Numpy: arrays and stuff
PyNGL Home Page: Scientific visualization, file i/o, data analysis. PyNGL (pronounced "pingle") is a Python language module used to visualize scientific data, with an emphasis on high quality 2D visualizations. A working knowledge of Python is assumed. PyNIO is a Python module used for reading and writing files in several different data formats, including netCDF, GRIB1, HDF 4, HDFEOS 2, and CCM history files. In version 1.2.0, support was added for GRIB2 and for netCDF 4 classic files.
OpenOpt: Numerical optimization framework for Python

XML

XML.com: XML From the Inside Out -- XML development, XML resources, XML specifications
Cover Pages: Extensible Markup Language (XML)
The XML FAQ: Frequently-Asked Questions about the Extensible Markup Language; edited by Peter Flynn.
XML Files - Extensible Markup Language Tutorials for Developers
developerWorks : XML tutorials, code, and forums
RELAX NG: RELAX NG is a schema language for XML.
Free XML tools and software: A frequently-updated and hopefully complete index of free XML tools, with much metadata about the tools to make them easier to locate.
Tools: XML pretty printer (xmlpp) and xmldiff
Sun Multi-Schema XML Validator: The Sun Multi-Schema Validator is an XML validator that can validate XML documents against schemas written in several different schema languages. At the moment it supports DTDs, RELAX-NG, RELAX, TREX, and a subset of XML Schema.
opentag.com - XML Internationalization and Localization FAQ: You will find here answers to some of the frequently asked questions about XML internationalization and localization (including XSL, CSS, and other XML-related technologies). Character representation, encoding, language identification, presentation and rendering, localization.

globalization, internationalization, localization (g11n, i18n, l10n)

Internationalization Myths (The I18n G.A.L.)

List of 14 myths about internationalization that should be banned. A Series of short blog articles.

I18n in Software Design, Architecture and Implementation

FAQ on Software Internationalization (I18N) Home

Information Resources For Locales And Internationalization (i18nguy)

GIL Standards

Locale

The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7; IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, POSIX.1-2008.

Environment Variables

The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7; IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, POSIX.1-2008.

See 8.2 Internationalization Variables for LC_* and companions.

Language Tags

BCP 47 - Tags for Identifying Languages: A concatenation of relevant RFCs, namely RFC 5646 and RFC 4647
RFC 5646 - Tags for Identifying Languages: This document describes the structure, content, construction, and semantics of language tags for use in cases where it is desirable to indicate the language used in an information object.
Obsoletes RFC 4646, formerly known as RFC 3066bis, that obsoleted RFC 3066.
See also Language Tag Registry Update (ltru).
draft-davis-u-langtag-ext-01 - BCP 47 Extension U
Language Tags (langtag.net): BCP 47 / RFC 5646 / 4646 resources for users, software developers and standard authors.
RFC 4646 language tags test data set
IANA Language Subtag Registry: Valid subtags for language tags.
ishida >> utilities: Language subtag registry search
IANA Language Tag Extensions Registry: Language tags extensions.
Understanding the New Language Tags (W3C BCP 47)
W3C i18n article: Language tags in HTML and XML
W3C I18N FAQ: Two-letter or three-letter language codes
RFC 6497 - BCP 47 Extension T - Transformed Content: This document specifies an Extension to BCP 47 that provides subtags for specifying the source language or script of transformed content, including content that has been transliterated, transcribed, or translated, or in some other way influenced by the source.
RFC 4645 - Initial Language Subtag Registry: This memo defined the initial contents of the IANA Language Subtag Registry for use in forming tags for the identification of languages.
RFC 5645 - Update to the Language Subtag Registry: This memo defines the procedure used to update the IANA Language Subtag Registry, in conjunction with the publication of RFC 5646, for use in forming tags for identifying languages.
RFC 4647 - Matching of Language Tags: This document describes a syntax, called a "language-range", for specifying items in a user's list of language preferences. It also describes different mechanisms for comparing and matching these to language tags.
RFC 3066 - Tags for the Identification of Languages: Obsoleted by RFC 5646.
RFC 3066 Language code assignments
draft-langtags: Understanding the Reasons for Change: Reasons for Enhancing RFC 3066 (RFC3066bis).
Pointer to draft-phillips-langtags-* by Addison Phillips and Mark Davis
Language Tag Registry Update (ltru) Charter: Tags for Identifying Languages draft-ietf-ltru-registry-*
Matching Tags for the Identification of Languages draft-ietf-ltru-matching-*
Initial Language Subtag Registry draft-ietf-ltru-initial-*
IANA Assigned Language Tags: OBSOLETE - per RFC-ietf-ltru-registry-14.txt
IANA Directory of language tag applications: OBSOLETE - per RFC-ietf-ltru-registry-14.txt
LocaleMapping – OpenOffice.org Wiki: Mapping Unix Locale Identifiers to BCP-47, by Caolán McNamara
Index of /~caolanm/BCP47: a prototype bcp47 parsing lib

ISO 639 Language Codes

ISO 639-2: Registration Authority - Library of Congress
ISO 639-2 Language Code List - Codes for the representation of names of languages (Library of Congress): Codes arranged alphabetically by Alpha-3 Code.
Alpha-3 codes arranged alphabetically by English name of Language - Codes for the representation of names of languages (Library of Congress)
ISO 639-3 Registration Authority - SIL International: Part 3 of the ISO 639 family of standards, Codes for the representation of names of languages. ISO 639-3 (which is currently a Draft International Standard) attempts to provide as complete an enumeration of languages as possible, including living, extinct, ancient, and constructed languages, whether major or minor, written or unwritten.
ISO 639 code sets: ISO 639-1, ISO 639-2, ISO 639-3 at SIL
Category:ISO 639 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
ISO 639 and ISO 639-2: The Code Lists
ISO 639 Languages and Dialects, and More: dead site, via Wayback Machine
ISO 639-1: Language Codes
Open Directory - Science: Reference: Standards: Individual Standards: ISO 639
MediaGlyphs Project - Language names: Language names in their original form and script, ISO 639-2 codes, English and French names, associated country codes and common text encodings used for that language.
HeBIS-Handbuch 1500_iso (PDF): Deutsche Sprachennamen, alphabetisch nach ISO-Kodes.
HeBIS-Handbuch 1500_spra (PDF): Deutsche Sprachennamen, alphabetisch nach Sprachen.

ISO 15924 Script Codes

ISO 15924 Registration Authority
ISO 15924 - Code Lists
Script codes * ISO 15924 * Codes d'écriture
Languages and Scripts (CLDR)
Language and Scripts (unicode.org)

ISO 3166 Country Codes

ISO 3166 Maintenance agency (ISO 3166/MA): ISO's focal point for country codes
ISO 3166 code lists: Short country names and alpha-2 code elements officially published by ISO.
ISO - Maintenance Agency for ISO 3166 country codes - ISO 3166-1 decoding table: Definition of all code elements available in the alpha-2 code of ISO's country code standard.
ISO 3166 - Wikipedia: ISO 3166-1, ISO 3166-2, ISO 3166-3
Country code - Wikipedia
ISO 3166-1: The Code List
ISO 3166-1: Country Names: With links to ISO 3166-2 region codes ("Country subdivision code") for each country code.
ISO 3166-1: The Code List
ISO 3166: Country Codes according to ISO 3166
Country codes in ISO 3166: Existing codes and withdrawn codes.
Changes in ISO 3166-1: Change history.
Open Directory - Science: Reference: Standards: Individual Standards: ISO 3166
United Nations Statistics Division- Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)
Territory Containment (UN M.49) (CLDR): continents, regions, countries, timezones
Country Codes (Russ Rowlett): ISO 2-alpha, ISO 3-alpha, IANA Internet, UN Vehicle, IOC Olympic, UN/ISO numeric
Subdivision Codes list: UN/LOCODE by UNECE
Location Codes list: UN/LOCODE 2006-1 by UNECE
UNGEGN - United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names
GEONAMES - Countries of the World: The countries of the world in their local languages and scripts, with official names, capitals, flags, administrative divisions, and translations of the country and capital names into many different languages.
CommonDataHub -- Global Data Standards Repository and Hosted Enterprise Data Management: Country: ISO 3166 country codes, UN regions and sub-regions, international dialing codes, ISO 10383 MIC
State/Province/Region: ISO 3166-2 state codes, FIPS state codes
City: cities in US and Canada, large cities in the world (population > 20000), cities in the world (population > 5000)
Language: ISO 639-1 / 639-2 language codes
Currency: ISO 4217 country-currency codes, distinct currencies (active)
DOSCO - Wissen / Sprach- und Ländercodes -----: German language and country names. Deutsche Sprachen- und Ländernamen. Not very.. erm.. reliable I think.
WIPO recommends the use of YU instead of CS until the ISO 3166/MA has taken a final decision (PDF): The ISO-3166/MA decision to reuse CS (formerly Czechoslovakia) for "Serbia and Montenegro" was rather short-sighted. This WIPO recommendation of 25 November 2003 says how to deal with such a bad idea.
Note: this is rather historical, as the situation won't change anymore and CS is more widely supported now.

ISO 4217 Currency Codes

Currency Code Service: ISO 4217 Maintenance Agency
ISO 4217 - Wikipedia
ISO 4217 - Wikipedia: German page, sometimes is more up-to-date than English page.
List of currencies - Wikipedia
Currency Codes ISO-4217 - Travel-Images.com
Currencies of the World
The Euro (European Commission)
Conversion rates and rules - European Commission
Guardian International Currency Corp. - currency exchange
World Currencies and Abbreviations
XE.com - World Currency Symbols
XE.com - ISO 4217 Type Currency Code List
Open Directory - Science: Reference: Standards: Individual Standards: ISO 4217

ISO 8601 Date & Time Representation

xkcd: ISO 8601
ISO 8601: International Standard Date and Time Notation: A good overview by Markus Kuhn.
ISO 8601 Date Time: A fairly detailed description of what the ISO 8601 standard specifies.
Info on ISO 8601, the date and time representation standard: Jukka "Yucca" Korpela
Date and Time Formats: The W3C TR NOTE on date and time formats, defines a profile of ISO 8601.
Implementation of the ISO 8601 Standard Around The World.
Open Directory - Science: Reference: Standards: Individual Standards: ISO 8601

Unicode

Unicode Home Page

Index of /Public

unicode.org files

Unicode (fileformat.info)

Unicode characters, search, blocks, categories, support in fonts, UTF-8 browser test pages.

UAX #9: The Bidirectional Algorithm

ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 - ISO/IEC 10646 - UCS

JTC1/SC2/WG2 is the international standardization working group for the coded character set UCS - the Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set - ISO/IEC 10646.

Unicode - Wikipedia

The Unicode Standard(s) (czyborra)

What document(s) define(d) the Unicode standard?

Unicode's characters (czyborra)

FAQ - UTF and BOM

UTF-8 and Unicode FAQ

Unicode fonts and tools for X11

Unicode and multilingual support in HTML, fonts, Web browsers and other applications

Alan Woods Unicode Resources

International text support on Linux

Joel on Software - The Absolute Minimum Every Software Developer Absolutely, Positively Must Know About Unicode and Character Sets (No Excuses!)

ongoing · On the Goodness of Unicode

ongoing · Characters vs. Bytes

Well, I'm Back: String Theory

"UTF-16 is the devil's work." --Robert O'Callahan

Dashes and hyphens (Yucca)

Soft hyphen (SHY) - a hard problem? (Yucca)

Character encoding

Macchiato [Mark Davis]

Open Directory - Computers: Software: Globalization: Character Encoding: Unicode

Unicode (FileFormat.Info)

Collation

UTR #10: Unicode Collation Algorithm
Collation Charts (Unicode)
Collation diff files: (CLDR)
ICU Userguide - Collation Concepts
ICU Userguide - Collation Customization (tailoring)
Mimer Developers - Features - Character data, Unicode and Collations
Mimer SQL Unicode Collation Tailorings

Utilities

Code Charts - Scripts (unicode.org, PDFs)
Name List Charts (unicode.org)
unum - Interconvert numbers, Unicode, and HTML/XHTML characters: Fourmilab's stand-alone utility program written in portable Perl which allows you to look up Unicode and HTML characters by name or number, and interconvert numbers in decimal, hexadecimal, and octal bases.
ishida >> utilities: UniView: An XHTML-based application to look up characters, character blocks, paste in and discover unknown characters, search for characters, do hex/dec/ncr conversions, highlight character types, etc. etc.
String analyser (ishida >> utilities)
: Identifies Unicode characters in a string. Click on the character name to see it in UniView.
Unicode code converter [ishida >> utilities]
ishida >> utilities: Unicode character pickers
ishida >> writing: Non-Latin writing systems.
ishida >> utilities: normalizer: Converts text into Unicode normalisation forms NFD and NFC.
JavaScript Unicode Charts (macchiato)
Unicode Utilities: Character Properties (CLDR)
UTF Converter (macchiato)
Character set, code pages, encodings, at the push of a button (i18nguy)
Letter database: languages, character sets, names etc (EKI, Eesti Keele Instituut)
decodeunicode.org: An independent online-platform for digital type culture. It has the objectives of creating a basis for fundamental typographic research and facilitating a textual approach to the characters of the world for all computer users.

Character Sets

ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG3 - 7 and 8-bit coded character sets: WG3 is a standardization Working Group of the SC2 which is a SubCommittee of JTC1 - a Joint Techical Committee of ISO and IEC.
WG3 works on 7-bit and 8-bit codes and their extensions. Examples of coded character sets made by WG3 are the ISO/IEC 8859 parts and the ISO 6429 coded control character set.
A registry of coded character sets is maintained under WG3 supervision by IPSJ/ITSCJ in the ISO 2375 registry.
International Register of Coded Character Sets (IPSJ/ITSCJ)
Character Sets (IANA): These are the official names for character sets that may be used in the Internet and may be referred to in Internet documentation.
Character Set Registrations at IANA: List of Character Set Registrations not defined in RFCs
ISO 8859 Alphabet Soup (czyborra)
Charsets Index (Kosta Kostis)
Characters and encodings (Jukka "Yucca" Korpela)
Letter database: languages, character sets, names etc: Form with various queries regarding character sets / encodings and Unicode
Character Sets (FileFormat.Info)
[Ping] Japanese text encoding
ISO Latin 9 as compared with ISO Latin 1: The ISO Latin 9 (ISO 8859-15) character set differs from the well-known ISO Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1) character set in a few positions only. The euro sign and some national letters used e.g. in French and Finnish have been introduced and some rarely used special characters omitted.
Zeichentabellen: Some codepage tables, Latin ISO 8859, DOS and Windows, generated from Unicode database
Character encoding programs and ISO 8859-x codepages for MS-DOS (Kosta Kostis)
Brief History of Character Codes in North America, Europe, and East Asia
Everson Typography: The Alphabets of Europe
ICU Coded Charset Mapping Tables
ICU Demonstration - Converter Explorer

misc

Everson Typography: Codes for Internationalization: ISO ####, TC##
Units of Measurement (Russ Rowlett)
A4 Paper / International Standard Paper Sizes
Metric Typographic Units
country calling codes - international dialing codes
List of country calling codes - Wikipedia
International Calling Codes - Pg1
International Calling Codes - Numerical Listing
NANPA: North American Numbering Plan Administration

GIL points

ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22/WG20 - Internationalization

W3C Internationalization and Localization

OpenI18N - The Free Standards Group Open Internationalization Initiative

Software Globalization, Software Internationalization and Software Localization

Sun Developer Network Technical Topic

Internationalizing StarOffice - A Case Study

CLDR Project (CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository)

(formerly known as the Common XML Locale Repository)

cldr/docs/presentations

UTR #35: Locale Data Markup Language

CLDR Vetting |

CLDR Development Site (cldr)

Notes and docs on CLDR site development.

Common Locale Repository bug tracking - main page

ICU Homepage @ SourceForge.Net

International Components for Unicode

ICU Userguide

The Locale Concept

ICU Homepage @ icu-project.org

JitterBug diffs and ViewCVS

ICU Demonstration - List of ICU Demonstrations

Everson Typography

Internationalization (i18n) Gurus: Home

Internationalization (I18n), Localization (L10n), Standards, and Amusements (i18nguy)

Globalization Home Inter-Locale

LI18NUX Locale Name Guideline [Version 1.0 -- 2002-03-07]

docs.sun.com: International Language Environments Guide

Oracle moved this around, trying to locate it back.

Welcome to Computers and Writing Systems

Non-Roman and complex scripts in linguistic study, translation, literacy, and publishing.

opentag.com

This site is dedicated to the tools and technologies used in the localization of software, on-line help and documentation. Its aim is to provide you with useful information and tools that could help you streamline your localization processes.

Open Directory - Computers: Software: Globalization

Multilingual Applications in WWW/Internet

CIA -- The World Factbook

Peoples Resources - Art & Life in Africa

Countries Resources - Art & Life in Africa

Locale Views

CLDR Charts - CLDR - Unicode Common Locale Data Repository
ICU Demonstration - Locale Explorer
Java Locale Viewer

Babylon

Ethnologue, Languages of the World
Ethnologue Fourteenth Edition, Web Version: Reference for legacy SIL codes prior to ISO/DIS 639-3, which are sometimes used in absence of matching ISO codes. Even if wrong.
Linguist List - Find a Language or Family: This facility searches a database containing all current ISO 639-3 codes.
Linguist List - Language and Resources Index Page
Omniglot - a guide to written language (alphabets, hieroglyphs, Chinese characters, etc)
Lists of languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The World Atlas of Language Structures Online
Languages (World Language Resources)
Countries (World Language Resources)
Language Information | Language Facts | Language Statistics (phrasebase)
Country Information | Country Facts | Country Statistics (phrasebase)
What are the most spoken languages on earth?: Links to resources for 350 languages.
Articles for translators - Languages: Language Reference Guides, grammar and spelling, punctuation, measurements and abbreviations, hyphenation, character set.
EXPLORE: Dictionary of Language and Linguistics With Over 5,000 Terms!
The Webbook of African Language Resources at Michigan State University
African Languages
AfricanLanguages.com - African Languages info
Master of Arts in Language Studies: Yamada Language Guide | MastersDegree.net
European minority languages
iLoveLanguages - Your Guide to Languages on the Web: A comprehensive catalog of language-related Internet resources.
yourDictionary.com Comprehensive and Authoritative Language Portal
Nationalism and Language (by Bozidar Jaksic)

GIL misc

my cross-cultural Calendar links
Merlyn - Date and Time Index and Links - J R Stockton
Calendar date - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: Includes information about date formats used in different countries.
Time zone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
List of tz database time zones - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sources for Time Zone and Daylight Saving Time Data: The tz database and related.
IANA — Time Zone Database
Date and Time Gateway - Timezone Selector: Names as extensions to POSIX defined by the Olson tz database.
i18nFAQTimeZone - ESW Wiki: W3C Internationalization Core WG: Working with Times and Time Zones.
The Best Of Dates, The Worst Of Dates
Hebrew libraries/widgets/algorithms/specifications/documentation
The Hebrew Numbering System
Hebrew Numbers and Counting (i18nguy)
Free Hebrew Software for Unix
Arabeyes Project
Thai Information Technology Standards
AncientScripts.com
Alphapage: Evolution of Alphabets
Numeral system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: This article is about different methods of expressing numbers with symbols.
CSS3 module: Lists: This CSS level 3 module describes how lists are styled. Covers different native numeral systems.
Unicode in the Unix Environment (czyborra.com)
Universal Locales for Linux
Introduction to i18n (Debian)
EUROPA The official website of the European Union
NationMaster.com - Where Stats Come Alive!: Central data source and a handy way to graphically compare nations. NationMaster is a vast compilation of data from such sources as the CIA World Factbook, United Nations, World Health Organization, World Bank, World Resources Institute, UNESCO, UNICEF and OECD.
NIST Time and Frequency Division - Frequently Asked Questions
Java Internationalization (core Java)
Internationalization of Java applications, Tutorial
Locale Enhancement Project Home (OpenJDK Locale Enhancement Project)

GIL MS

National Language Support (NLS) API Reference
Global Development and Computing Portal - References
List of Locale ID (LCID) Values as Assigned by Microsoft: Incomplete, new Windows XP/2003 and Vista locales are missing.
New Locale and Language Features in Windows XP: Information you would not find at the "Assigned by Microsoft" location :-(
Windows XP/Server 2003 - List of Locale IDs, Input Locale, and Language Collection: Because information is scattered all over the place you also need this one, additionally to the "Assigned by Microsoft" document. Apparently they use values they didn't assign..
Language Identifier Constants and Strings (Windows): Well, this one might evolve into a real reference page.
Thank you, Microsoft, for moving around pages again and again and changing content to make sure one doesn't find the information at bookmarked places.
Localization and .NET Passport Services: This is yet another place with LCID information.
CultureInfo Class (.NET Framework): Represents information about a specific culture including the names of the culture, the writing system, and the calendar used, as well as access to culture-specific objects that provide information for common operations, such as formatting dates and sorting strings. Includes basic mapping of LCIDs to ISO 639/3166 codes.
Online Data - Language Codes: ISO 639, Microsoft LCIDs and Macintosh codes.
Online Data - Countries Codes: ISO 3166, Microsoft, and Macintosh
National Language Support Constants (Windows): Hey, did I already mention that pages move around and bookmarks rotten?
FAQ Locales & Languages: This was Dr. International FAQ but once again all globaldev/ pages were (re)moved
Ask Dr. International, Column #4: about LCIDs
Locales and Languages (Windows): Yet another updated bookmark.
Configurable Language and Cultural Settings (of Windows 2000)
List of supported locale identifiers in Word 2000
Multibyte Character Set (MBCS) Survival Guide
Code Pages Supported by Windows -- ISO
Code Pages Supported by Windows -- Windows
Session.LCID: Properly Formatting International Websites.
Generate LCID specific date, time, and currency formatting examples.

GIL MS-Excel

Language-Specific Features
Number Formats
Guidelines for custom number formats
Creating international number formats
Format numbers using Thai digits
Format dates using alternate calendars

SpreadSheet

Category:Calc - The Document Foundation Wiki

LibreOffice Calc, the spreadsheet application

Apache OpenOffice Calc

Spreadsheet Project - Filter Test Documents

OpenOffice.org Calc spreadsheet Excel import test documents.

GNOME Office - Gnumeric

operators and functions test cases, Excel documents, in Gnumeric

gnumeric samples

test case files

Software Garden Products: wikiCalc Program

Dan Bricklin's Wiki-Spreadsheet

Project jQuery.sheet

Ajax JavaScript & php spreadsheet plugin for the web browser.

European Spreadsheet Risks Interest Group - spreadsheet risk management and solutions

Excel specifications and limits - Excel - Office.com

Workbook, worksheet, calculation, charting, PivotTable, PivotChart and shared workbook specifications and limits.

The Spreadsheet Page - By John Walkenbach

The Spreadsheet Page - Excel Oddities

Microsoft Excel function translations

Index of Help for Excel functions, graphs and testing

BET: Microsoft Excel - Tutorials

Burns Statistics -- Spreadsheet Addiction

Pearson Software Consulting Services (Chip's Excel Web Source)

Microsoft Excel Tips from Excel Tip .com / Excel Tutorial / Free Excel Help

Design and Use of the Microsoft Excel Solver

Using Formatting to Change the Way Numbers, Dates, Times, and Text Appear in Microsoft Excel

Custom Number Formatting in Microsoft Excel

Excel functions (alphabetical list) - Excel - Office.com - Excel 2007

Excel functions (alphabetical) - Excel - Office.com - Excel 2010

Excel functions (alphabetical) - Excel - Office.com - Excel 2013

Google spreadsheets function list - Google Drive Help

comp.apps.spreadsheets FAQ

Spreadsheet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Statistical

Is It Practical To Use Excel For Stats?
Reliability of Statistical Procedures in Excel
SSfM: Testing the Intrinsic Functions of Excel
Errors, Faults and Fixes for Excel Statistical Functions and Routines
Fixing Statistical Errors in Spreadsheet Software: The Cases of Gnumeric and Excel (PDF)

File Formats

OASIS Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) TC: Developing an XML-based file format specification for office applications.
OpenDocument - Formula: This is the [OASIS OpenDocument] subcommittee working on a specification for recalculated formulas (e.g., spreadsheet formulas) in office documents.
OASIS Open: OpenDocument - Formula Public Documents: OpenDocument Format Formula specification (ODFF aka OpenFormula).
OpenOffice.org XML File Format: OpenOffice.org XML File Format Definition, FAQ, and other information. OASIS OpenDocument File Format Standardization.
OpenFormula: "OpenFormula" is an attempt to develop a specification defining how to exchange formulas, primarily for spreadsheets and word processor documents. Currently (2005-09-20) a very early draft.
This draft is now history, it was donated to the OASIS OpenDocument subcommittee as a starting point for further work.
OpenFormula Wiki
OpenFormula Utilities
Compound Document file format documentation (ODF .odt, ~52k): OpenOffice.org's Documentation of the Microsoft Compound Document File Format.
Compound Document file format documentation (PDF, ~204k)
Excel file format documentation (in progress) (ODF .odt, ~280k): OpenOffice.org's Documentation of the Microsoft Excel File Format. Simply the best documentation available for that file format.
Excel file format documentation (in progress) (PDF, ~990k)
TC45 - Office Open XML Formats: Ecma International's TC45 on Microsoft's XML file format.
Standard ECMA-376: Office Open XML File Formats, MS' OOXML
Brian Jones: Office XML Formats : Excel (blog)
Microsoft Office File Formats: Binary file formats.
[MS-XLS]: Excel Binary File Format (.xls) Structure Specification
[MS-XLS]: Records
[MS-XLS]: By Number Record Enumeration
Office Drawing 97-2007 Binary Format Specification: Also known as Escher, .PDF from MS
Microsoft Office 97 Drawing File Format: Also known as Escher, Chicago project.
Download Details - Microsoft Download Center - BFFValidator: Microsoft Office Binary File Format Validator
CSV Comma Separated Value File Format (How To) - Creativyst, Inc. Design, Software, Services
RFC 4180 - Common Format and MIME Type for Comma-Separated Values (CSV) Files
PEP 305 -- CSV File API (Python)
language agnostic - Scrape HTML tables from a given URL into CSV - Stack Overflow: Short description of the tablescrape.py script

Kids & Robots

Programmieren leicht gemacht - adäquate Modelle für den Einsatz im Unterricht - Wikibooks, Sammlung freier Lehr-, Sach- und Fachbücher
CrePes: Creative Programming Environment for Schools.
Ziel des Projekts ist die Bereitstellung einer kostenlosen und intuitiven Lernsoftware mit deren Hilfe Kinder im Alter ab 8 Jahren durch die Steuerung eines virtuellen Roboters grundlegende Programmierkenntnisse erwerben können.
Robot Karol - Info: Robot Karol ist eine Programmierumgebung mit einer Programmiersprache, die für Schülerinnen und Schüler zum Erlernen des Programmierens und zur Einführung in die Algorithmik gedacht ist.
CeeBot: Learn and teach programming. PayWare with Demo. Also available in German and French.
LEGO.com MINDSTORMS
LEGO MINDSTORMS NXT -- Lego Mindstorms NXT - in der Schule
Deutsche NXT-FAQ
NXT Programs - Fun Projects for your LEGO Mindstorms NXT
Lego Mindstorms Forum NXT bis RCX , Spybotics
Matthias Paul Scholz's LEGO MINDSTORMS NXT page
LEGO MINDSTORMS Internals (RCX)
Michael Gasperi's LEGO Mindstorms Sensor Input Page
NXT-Tutorial (Lukas Webseite): Ein Tutorial zum NXT, das sich mit der Programmierung von Software mit NXC unter Linux beschäftigt.
LDraw.org :: The Central Site for the LDraw Family of LEGO® CAD Software
qfix | Roboterbau, Roboterbausatz, Roboter
DIDEL - Microrobots and educational kits for technical schools and hobby roboticians

misc

IANA -- Protocol Registries

IANA is responsible for maintaining many of the codes and numbers contained in a variety of Internet protocols.

Sun Microsystems - Sun Developer Network (SDN)

The APIs for the Sun Cloud: Wiki: Home -- Project Kenai

docs.sun.com: Solaris 9 9/04 Software Developer Collection

Oracle moved this around, trying to locate it back.

docs.sun.com: Solaris 10 Software Developer Collection

Oracle moved this around, trying to locate it back.

docs.sun.com: Solaris Dynamic Tracing Guide

Oracle moved this around, trying to locate it back.

OTN Garage

Where'd the Docs Go? - where docs.sun.com might be found in the Oracle Technology Network's Documentation Home Page

freedesktop.org - Home

freedesktop.org is open source / open discussion software projects working on interoperability and shared technology for X Window System desktops.

Pantz.org Technical Reference Site

Tcl Developer Site

Patentability and Democracy in Europe

Software Patent Archive

Bernhardt & Krasser: Lehrbuch des Patentrechts -- Recht der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Europäisches und Internationales Patentrecht

Initiative Hamburger Unternehmen gegen Patentierbarkeit von Software

Sourcebank - Search Sourcebank

GULP - Das Portal für IT Projekte

The Programming Language Lua

Debugging Mozilla on Linux FAQ (Tips on using gdb and ddd on Linux)

The Code Project - Homepage - Free Source code and Tutorials

Bokler Software: Cryptographic Software Tools for Developers

Chuck Moore's Wonderful colorForth Programming Language and Operating System

Ruby Central

Lern Programmieren mit Java!

Welcome to The PC Guide!

ISBN-13 Online Converter

International ISBN Agency - ISBN-13 Converter

European Article Number - Wikipedia

Prüfziffern

Bundesbank - Zahlungsverkehr - Prüfzifferberechnung

Bundesbank - Zahlungsverkehr - Bankleitzahlen

The tcshrc Project Page

Galileo Computing - Bücher zur Programmierung und Softwareentwicklung

bietet im Bereich <openbook> ausgewählte Bücher als HTML-Version.

O'Reilly's CD bookshelf

Reference Library O'Reilly

c++Ä£Ê½ C++Éè¼ÆÄ£Ê½ C++²âÊÔ C++¿ª·¢-UML Èí¼þ¹¤³Ì×éÖ¯

BIPM - SI

Bureau International des Poids et Mesures - The International System of Units (SI)

SI -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Physics

"SI" stands for "System International" and is the set of physical units agreed upon by international convention.

Recommendations concerning Units (SI Units) | IAU

SI units and astronomical units

Astrodynamic Constants (NASA)

METAS - metasweb Masseinheiten / units of measurement

METAS - metasweb unit conversion

BIPM - Table 7

Non-SI units accepted for use with the SI, and units based on fundamental constants.

Metric Conversion Tables to or from Imperial Measurements The SI System for Metric Conversion

Over 1000 factors on 12 pages for Metric Conversion. Plus 30 detail pages for Btu, water, paper, density, etc.

The NIST Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty

NIST Guide to SI Units - Appendix B9. Conversion Factors

Factors for units listed by kind of quantity or field of science.

Conversion of Units

Units Markup Language home page

The Unified Code for Units of Measure

The Unified Code for Units of Measure is a code system intended to include all units of measures being contemporarily used in international science, engineering, and business. The purpose is to facilitate unambiguous electronic communication of quantities together with their units. The focus is on electronic communication, as opposed to communication between humans.
Note that is not an official standard!

EasyRGB - Color mathematics and conversion formulas.

Gwydion Dylan: Overview

Dylan is an advanced, object-oriented, dynamic language which supports the rapid development of programs. When needed, the programmer can later optimize [his or her] programs for more efficient execution by supplying type information to the compiler. Nearly all entities in Dylan (including functions, classes, and basic data types such as integers) are first class objects. Additionally Dylan supports multiple inheritance, polymorphism, multiple dispatch, keyword arguments, object introspection, and many other advanced features...

SPEC - Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation

A non-profit corporation formed to establish, maintain and endorse a standardized set of relevant benchmarks that can be applied to the newest generation of high-performance computers.

Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE)

Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) and NetDDE FAQ

OAuth Community Site